TITLE AND BASIC INFO
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SUMMARY DESCRIPTION
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“Apples to Apples” Final
RFP Template (1,5,6,11), $2000, 8 pages; rfp-apples-to-apples.doc (1999-2010)
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The “special sauce” that
ensures getting a “goof-proof” bid from finalist vendors, with near-absolute
comparability between bids and assumptions. No meaningful biostatistical or
measurement fallacies are possible in responding to this. Available free
only as part of a brokered bid process, to full Consortium members only.
Otherwise, $2000. Available for COPD, CHF, CAD (especially CAD),
diabetes, cancer, asthma, ESRD, population management.
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Asthma, Codes for
Stratification (2,4,5,7,10), $500; 2 pages asthma codes.doc (2000-2006)
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Concise “consensus” of
in/out and red/yellow/green claims-and drug-based stratification criteria
compiled from various sources and reviewed by pulmonologist panel. Much
better at avoiding “false positives” and “true negatives” than any current
vendor or public-domain tool based on claims and/or drugs.
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Balancing Your Medicaid
Budget (9); $500; 28 slides; Balancing Your Medicaid Budget.ppt (2002-2007)
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Overview of all the
opportunities available to Medicaid programs in all medical management areas,
including dual-eligibles and TANF as well as disabled.
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Best Health Plans and
Vendors in Disease Management (3,4,11); $1000 non-members; $500 members;
20 pp. Best Health Plans and Vendors.pdf (2004-2010)
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The Health Industries
Research Companies has made this report exclusively available to DMPC members
at half price. It selects the 30 best health plans, employers and states,
and 11 best vendors in disease management and has other information on the
industry, its growth prospects, and the role of pharmaceutical companies. 28
of the 30 health plans are DMPC members. Note: this is the only document
not free with full payor membership.
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Biggest Mistakes in Disease
Management Contracting (5,13), $300; 3 pp. The Biggest Mistakes in
Disease Management Contracting.doc (2001-2002)
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A compilation of the six
biggest contracting mistakes in DM, essential for any health plan or other
payor to know.
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Biometric monitoring: A
Report and Vendor comparison (1,3,4,5), $200; 53 pp. of tables; biometric
monitoring.doc (2001)
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Along with an introduction,
10 companies’ biometric monitoring offerings compares side-by-side.
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Budget by Cost Component
for DM Program (2,7), $500; 1 slide; dollars spent.ppt (2002 -
2008)
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Summary of DM program
spending per claims dollar. Spending is broken down into 9 cost categories.
It represents an average of 3 vendors and 3 health plans for which data was
received (a total of 18 average datapoints). In addition, a full
call-center staffing model for Medicaid and Medicare is typical
staffing.xls
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“Build” vs. “Buy” caveats
(2,5) $20; 4 pp.;artchfbu.doc (1997)
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A series of case studies in
CHF which highlight stumbling blocks of one plan’s “build” strategy, in order
to allow other plans to anticipate the same.
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“Build” vs. “Buy”: The
Last Word; (2.5) $300; 3 pp. + 20 slide powerpoint DMColum1.doc,
build-vs-buy.ppt (2000-2007)
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The decision rule to
determine which to do in what circumstances, period.
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Cardiac Package for
“Building” programs internally (2,5,7,10) $400 non-members; $200
members. 2 Spreadsheets Cardiac Package.xls (2002)
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(1)
ROI analysis by cost component
for internal cardiac program, both <65 and >65, easily laid out to
become “transparent” for any user.
(2)
Average of several health plans’
incidences and prevalences for 6 cardiac-related events and procedures
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“Cheat Sheet” for Vendors
in Employer Negotiations (5, 11,13) $500 non-members; $200 members; 3
pages. How to Take Advantage of Benefits Consultants.doc (2004)
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Details seven common (if
not universal) mistakes in benefits consultant RFPs and contracts, and how
many vendors take advantage of those mistakes to create savings metrics which
ensure they will “hit their numbers.”
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Claims Patterns Identifying
Members (10,13); $200; 4 pp. Extraction Algorithms.doc (2004-2006)
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Official DMPC claims
extraction algorithms (the patterns of claims) for CAD, CHF, diabetes, COPD.
(Asthma is a combination of extraction and stratification and is
Asthmacodes.doc)
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Conference listings for
2011; free Conference Listings (2011)
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Identifies particulars and
contact points for all DM-oriented conferences.
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Contracting with Vendors
(1,5,11,13); $50; 2 pp. Contracting: 18 points.doc (2009)
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The 18 most common
contractual mistakes in care management contracting.
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Corporate Revenue Projections
for DM programs (3,4), $500, spreadsheet vendor
projections.doc (1998-2008)
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For each independent (and
some non-independent) disease and population management company, we estimated
and tracked revenues for the last ten years
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Diabetes
Stratification Model (2,4,5,7,10) $100 2 pp. Diabetes Codes (2001-2003)
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Very simple medical
claims-based stratification tool for diabetes believed to be better than any
individual vendor’s tool.
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Disease Management
Encyclopedia (1,2,3,4,5,6,7,10) $100; 42 pp. Disease Management
Encyclopedia.doc (2002)
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The single most
comprehensive source of information, advice and data on disease management
available anywhere. Price has been reduced because the information is a bit
dated now
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Disease Management Industry
Overview (1,3,4), $500, 40 slides. DM Industry overview.ppt (1998-2006)
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Presentation format
describing segment size, competitor market shares, key success factors,
pharma program overviews (and why some are failing), along with descriptions
of large health plan strategies
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Disease Management
Vendor Profiles (1,3,4,6,11) $500 with ratings and quality comparisons;
$250 with listing only; 32 pp.vendors.doc (1997-2010)
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Names of 160 DM
independent companies, together with (in most cases) contacts, phones and/or
addresses and/or faxes, emails, key contracts, other profile information.
$500 version with ratings and comments is our best-seller. Ask for the
sample page, which is free.
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Disease Prioritization
Matrix, (2,3,4,6,9,10) $100; discus.doc, incidenceprevalence.xls (1998-2010)
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For ten different
outsourced patient management opportunities, this Excel spreadsheet will tell
you what your likely savings are, after you enter some “macro” costs and
demographics about your plan. The “Discus.doc” companion includes a cheat
sheet and an hour of consulting to help you customize your estimates
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Disease Prioritization
Matrix, estimated (2,3,4,6,10,11,13) $100; 3 pp. prioritization
matrix.doc (1998-2007)
Also available specifically
for Medicaid (9)
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For 12 different outsourced
patient management opportunities including hospitalist, compliance and
population management programs, this document lists likely size of medical
losses affected (roughly adjusted for Medicare and Medicaid), expected
savings, ease and timing of implementation, and non-price reasons to
undertake or not undertake a particular disease category.
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Does Quality Matter?
(1,2,3,5,7), $100, 3 pp. DMColumn7.doc (2001-2005)
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The shocking (ok, not that
shocking, but pretty counterintuitive) truth about the role of quality in DM
vendor selection and the pluses and minuses of various measurement techniques
for it…
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Employers: Estimating
“soft” savings (11,13, 16); $100; 2 pp Soft Savings Estimator.doc (2008)
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Best example of how-to
estimate for time lost to absenteeism
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Employers and Unions, A
Primer on Disease Management (3,5,11), $200, 38 slides Disease
Primer.ppt (2000)
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An introduction to disease
management for a lay audience with more-than-usual emphasis on the health
benefits for employees and correspondingly less (though still some) on
financials.
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Employers and Unions, A
Primer on Disease Management (3,5,11), $200, 3 Pages What Unions
Should Know.doc (2000)
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A Q&A designed to
introduce unions (but can easily be customized for non-union workforces) to
disease management
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Employer How-To Package
(3,5,11) $100, 7 pp. EBNColumns.doc (2005-2007)
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A collection of all the
2005 Disease Management columns for Employee Benefit News. for
procurement and measurement
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ESRD: Disease Management
for Dummies (3) $100, 2 pp. DMColumn6.doc (2000-2008)
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A listing of the many
reasons why ESRD is an easy but nonetheless lucrative program for a health
plan to undertake.
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Event Rate
Measurement: A Complete Package Event Rate Plausibility Suite (1,2,3,4,5,7,12,
13,15,19) $1000; 50 pages including slides (2009-2010)
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Powerpoint, plus
data collection template, plus how-to guide for event-based measurement
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Future Trends in
Disease Management Future Trends (3) $100; 9 pp. (2009-2011)
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Look ahead into
the future of DM and social media, DM and time-to-contact innovations, DM and
wellness, and many more soon-to-come innovations
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Health Plan Use
of Member Data Use of Member Data (3,8,12) $$50; 1 p.
(2010)
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Marketplace
observations (as opposed to strictly legal viewpoint) on how health plans use
data. Essential for any first-time entrant into the care management field
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How to Pay for DM Programs
(5) $100; 3 pp. DMColumn5.doc (1999-2002)
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Article describing how the
population-based payment mechanisms are preferred, and how to solve the
problems which population-based payment mechanisms present. Also: How to
evaluate and negotiate “tiered” payment systems.
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Incidence, Prevalence and
cost of all major disease categories (2,3,4,10,13); $500; spreadsheet incidenceprevalence.xls
(1999-2010)
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One of our “special sauce”
documents. Reflects the latest changes in incidence, is adjusted for age and
payor category. All cost information is Consortium-approved so there is no
issue of people using different definitions. Useful as benchmark to check
your own calculations of your own population
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Incidence, Prevalence and
Cost of All Major Disease Categories, Group Health of Puget Sound (2,3,4,10);
$20; 1 pg. Incidence-prevalencePuget.xls (1999)
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The only HMO ever to
analyze its entire claims database rigorously enough to publish the
results. (Note: there are problems with the data they may not even be
aware of, mentioned in the analysis. However it is still helpful.)
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Internet-based Disease
Management Programs (1,3,5); $20, 3 pp. articleinternet.doc (2000)
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Brilliant article on the
synergy between the internet and disease management, and what to look for in
disease management websites, and the role of websites in disease management
programs.
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Internet-based Disease
Management: What Went Wrong (1,3,5) $20, 3 pp. articleinternetfollowup.doc
(2001)
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Article on why the above
allegedly brilliant article was totally wrong and why the internet is a
totally ineffective venue for disease management
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Letter of Intent to
Purchase DM Services (5,6); $200, 2 pp.loi.doc (1998-2010)
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An excellent example of a
Letter of Intent for full-risk services (available for many different disease
categories) capturing the issues which are most important to both parties and
creating incentives for early implementation without creating perverse
incentives.
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Market Size Potential for
DM in HMOs and other payors (3,4); $100; 2 spreadsheets marketsize.xls
(2000-2010)
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This concise but powerful
analysis shows the likely “endgame” size of the market – and how it is
derived – for HMOs separately, and then for the other segments combined.
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Measurement of the Impact
of Medical Management (2,3), $50, 10 pp. Medical
Management.doc (1999-2005)
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A “how to” guide for
measuring the impact of a health plan’s medical management program in total
and by components, including disease management and population management.
Note: There is no clear “answer” so if you are seeking one, you will be less
than satisfied.
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Medicaid: Lessons Learned
(9.15); $300 3 pp. Lessons Learned from failed Medicaid RFPs.doc (2006)
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An engineer learns more
from one bridge which falls down than from 100 which stay up. Several are
excellent vehicles for learning what mistakes to avoid in the RFP. This
document provides examples
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Medicaid Disease Management
Savings Opportunities (9, 15), $300, 15 pp. Savings in Medicaid.doc
(2003)
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The seminal article on
Medicaid disease management contracting, appeared in Disease Management
Journal in 2004
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The Medicaid Report (9); $2000
non-member, $500 member, free for state members; 32 pp. Medicaid
Opportunity Report (2002-2007)
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The single most
comprehensive and detailed listing of all opportunities available to state
Medicaid programs in all aspects of medical management in which voluntary,
guaranteed-savings programs can be implemented. Includes a spreadsheet so that
states may calculate their own savings, which should be 3-4% of the entire
Medicaid budget.
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Medicaid: A Primer (3); $200;
30 slides Medicaid Primer (2003)
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The terms, the rules, the
economics, the market size, the nature of and issues with disease management…everything
you need to know to talk intelligently with a state about disease management
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Medicaid Disease
Management: What States and Pharmaceutical Companies Need to Know (3,4,5,9),
$100; 14 pp. Article on Medicaid (2002)
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No state agency or oversight
authority or pharmaceutical government affairs department should be without
this.
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Medical Home: Debunking
the Myth of Savings (9,13,19) $2000 (non-member), $500 (member);
spreadsheet plus powerpoint plus backup data Medical Home Package (2009)
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Turns out (surprise) Mercer
did the analysis wrong for North Carolina Medicaid. Instead of saving
$300-million/year, the model costs $400-million/year. This package shows the
whole analysis.
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Medicare Reimbursement:
How to Select a Vendor (18) $50; 2 pp. Questions a Health Plan
Should Ask.doc (2006-2007)
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This covers the “greatest
hits” of questions which an HCC coding vendor should be asked…together with
the best-practice answers. Using this will facilitate your consulting-firm
selection process
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Medicare Reimbursement:
Revenue Maximization Strategy (18); $100; 2 pp. HCC Coding
Strategy.doc (2007)
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There are some
little-appreciated strategies which can raise your HCC score by 10 basis
points over and above any other strategy.
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Medicare Stars
Program Suite Medicare Stars (13,18) $200; 9
Documents plus spreadsheet (2010)
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Collection of
hard-to-find public domain materials together with easily used spreadsheet
facilitating the value analysis of Stars
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Outcomes
Measurement for Dummies…and Smarties, Volume 1 (1,2,3,4,5,7,12, 13,15,19) Outcomes
Measurement Volume 1.doc $495 non-members, $150 members; 34 pages
(2010)
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Comprehensive
guide to plausibility analysis using real-life examples. Also one of two
pre-reading preparation tools for Critical Outcomes Report Analysis
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Outcomes
Measurement for Dummies…and Smarties, Volume 2 (1,2,3,4,5,7,12, 13,15,19) Outcomes
Measurement Volume 2.doc $495 non-members, $150 members; 32 pages
(2011)
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Mathematical
proof of invalidity of “consensus guidelines,” indispensable for valid
outcomes analysis.
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Outcomes
Measurement for Dummies…and Smarties, Presentation version (1,2,3,4,5,7,12,
13,15,19) $500; 80 pages Valid and Transparent Outcomes.ppt
(2010)
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Powerpoint
version of above.
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Pharmaceutical DM
Programs: A listing (1,3,4); $20, 10 pp. of tables Pharmaceutical
Disease Management Initiatives.Doc (1999-2001)
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A tabular comparison of the
14 best-known pharma-sponsored DM divisions or subsidiaries (excludes simple
“programs” which are done by the marketing department), including comments,
sample accounts, program components.
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Pharmaceutical DM Strategy
White Paper (3), $100 (member), $200 (non-member), 24 pp. Pharmaceutical
DM Strategy White Paper.doc (2001-2004)
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The “answer” to how a
pharmaceutical company should strategically view disease management, period.
This document carries a considerable extra cost, which also covers a day of
on-site consulting to elaborate on it. This is also fully guaranteed in
advance to be the right answer, in your opinion, or you can keep the White
Paper and still receive a full refund.
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Physicians, Full-Risk
(3,5); $100; 3 pp. dmcolum3.doc (1999-2003)
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Tip sheet on how to “sell”
disease management to physicians who are at full risk already.
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Predictive Modeling
Effectiveness (17); $50; 2 slides Predictive Modeling
Effectiveness.ppt (2006)
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Results of a careful
analysis of five (unnamed) predictive modeling packages in their ability to
identify the following year’s high-cost members and also members
transitioning from low-cost to high-cost.
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Pricing Strategy (14); $200
2 pp. pricing strategy.doc (2006)
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For buyers and sellers and
re-sellers to self-insured employers. A concise but insightful look at what
works and does not work in pricing strategies.
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Pricing by Disease (14) $300
2 pp. pricing by individual disease.doc (2004-2010)
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PMPM pricing by disease for
the 5 key diseases, including discounts for multiple diseases – 0% and 100%
risk for commercial and Medicare.
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Pricing and Scoring of RFPs
(14); $1000—non-members $200--members; spreadsheet abstract—blinded.xls
(2004-2009)
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PMPM 5-disease, by year and
level of risk, across a range of (unnamed) vendors. Includes ROIs and effect
of guarantees on pricing, savings and ROIs. Demonstrates how scoring works
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Pricing and Scoring of
RFPs—Medicaid (9,14) $300—spreadsheet Medicaid abstract.xls (2006)
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Scored PMPM for Medicaid
disabled bid. Demonstrates Medicaid scoring of savings , fees, and ROI.
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Process Steps in
Outsourcing (6); $500; 5 pp. Process Steps.doc (1998-2004)
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Detailed description of
each of the thirty process steps involved in selecting a disease and
developing an outsource program for it.
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Proposals: Reading and
Writing (5) $100; 7 pp. Howtoreadaproposal.doc (1998)
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Annotated model proposal
for Member and vendor instruction and enlightenment. One of the
bestsellers. Based on ESRD example but could be used for any disease.
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RFP Response,
Unabridged Sample Completed RFP.pdf (2,4,12,14) $500; 100+ pages
(2010)
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Sample complete
response (including pricing) to comprehensive RFP
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Quality and Disease
Management (1,2,7,10, 15); $100, 5 pp. Article on Quality in
Disease Management.doc (2003-2005)
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The straight scoop on
quality measures—validity, relevance, and correlation with actual outcomes.
The only guidance you’ll ever need on how to develop a quality measurement
strategy.
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Request for Information for
Disease Management Procurement: All the Questions You Can Think Of (5) $200;
20 pp., RFI.pdf (2002-2009)
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You can pick-and-choose RFI
questions from this very comprehensive list and then add your own,
simplifying your own process dramatically.
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Reporting Template: What
you Should Demand from a Vendor or Produce as an Internal Program
(1,2,5,7,10) $200; 17 slides Template for Reporting.ppt (2003)
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Standard set of
deliverables which any program should produce for sponsor. You can use this
to negotiate how much less is produced for your own ASO employer customers of
various sizes
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Return on Investment: Myth
and Fact (3,13, 15) $50; 3 pp. Return on Investment.doc (1999-2003)
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Ten myths about the
financial side of DM exploded. Very helpful for internally selling the
concept of DM outsourcing, as well as bringing people in one’s own department
“up to speed”.
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Small Group Measurement
(2,7,13,16) $100; 5 pages small group measurement.doc (2007)
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The DMPC Outlines
Guidelines are silent on “Small” groups, which we define as <50,000
lives. This guide fills that niche, describing six ways to measure. Payors
adopting at least two of those measurement techniques may want to apply for
Small Group Measurement Certification
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Staffing Summary, detailed
(2,4,5,7,10), $500; typical staffing summary, blinded.xls (2007)
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Average of several places,
15 job titles, workload, salary range, comments; Medicaid, Medicare,
Commercial. Very detailed.
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Timeline and GANTT Chart
for DM Vendor Selection and Contracting (5); $100; 1 spreadsheet timeline.xls
(2002-2010)
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Developed from dozens of
projects to ensure optimal implementation and to start all concurrent
activities in a timely way, to prevent unnecessary delays.
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Vendor Ratings (1,3,4); $500,
28 pages of tables vendor ratings.doc (1999-2009)
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A must-have for any health
plan, venture capitalist, or vendor, period. Offered in conjunction with the
vendor listings
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Wellness Savings
Calculator (1,5,13,16); $200, spreadsheet wellness calculator.xls
(2009)
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Foolproof way to tell
whether your wellness program is likely to save money and if so, how much?
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TITLE AND
BASIC INFO
|
SUMMARY
DESCRIPTION
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Linden A, Adams J.
Determining if disease management saves money: an introduction to
meta-analysis. J Eval Clin Pract. In Press
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An introduction
to the meta-analytic technique as a means of evaluating a DM program’s
overall effectiveness across various populations, diseases, payors, etc.
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Linden A, Trochim WMK,
Adams J. Evaluating program effectiveness using the regression point
displacement design. Eval Health Prof. In Press
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An introduction
to a novel evaluation design originally developed by William Trochim and
Donald Campbell. In this paper, the technique is applied to various
healthcare settings, in particular, where pilot programs are initiated before
widespread adoption.
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Linden A. What will it take
for disease management to demonstrate a return on investment? New
perspectives on an old theme. Am J Manage Care 2006;12(4):61-67.
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A benchmark
paper in which it is demonstrated that DM economic effectiveness should be
measured via utilization and not cost. Additionally, a need-to-decrease (NND)
analysis is introduced to assess whether there is sufficient opportunity for
a DM program to have an impact on the population.
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Linden A, Butterworth SW,
Roberts N. Disease management interventions II: What else is in the black
box? Dis Manage. 2006;9(2):73-85.
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A follow-up
paper to the earlier published DM interventions paper. Several new behavioral
change models are introduced, including motivational interviewing, which is
the newest technique used for health coaching.
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Linden A. Evaluating the
effectiveness of home health as a disease management strategy. Home Health
Care Manage & Pract. 2006;18(3):216-222.
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This paper
raises the methodological issues facing home health programs in showing their
value in disease management. It then offers several evaluation designs suited
for this unique setting.
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Linden A, Adams J, Roberts
N. Evaluating disease management program effectiveness: an introduction to
the regression-discontinuity design. J Eval Clin Pract.
2006;12(2):124-131.
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This paper
introduces the regression discontinuity technique, possibly the most robust
observational study design that can be applied to DM program evaluations.
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Linden A. Measuring
diagnostic and predictive accuracy in disease management: an introduction to
receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis. J Eval Clin Pract. 2006;12(2):132-139.
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This paper introduces
readers to the ROC analysis which is uniquely suited for assessing the
sensitivity and specificity of predictive models and algorithms used for
identifying suitable program participants.
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Linden A, Adams J, Roberts
N. Strengthening the case for disease management effectiveness: unhiding the
hidden bias. J Eval Clin Pract. 2006;12(2):140-147.
|
Observational
study designs are always subject to bias. This paper introduces a method for
assessing whether results of a DM program evaluation are robust enough to
overcome the influence of bias.
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Linden A, Adams J.
Evaluating disease management program effectiveness: an introduction to
instrumental variables. J Eval Clin Pract. 2006;12(2):148-154.
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Instrumental
variables are typically used in econometric studies to control for bias. In
this paper, the concept is applied to actual DM program data.
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Linden A, Roberts N. Using
visual displays as a tool to demonstrate disease management program
effectiveness. Dis Manage. 2005;8(5):301-310.
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Evaluating
program effectiveness is one thing, but explaining them to stakeholders is
another. This paper provides several different visual displays that will help
explain the complex data used in DM.
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Linden A, Roberts N. A
users guide to the disease management literature: recommendations for
reporting and assessing program outcomes. Am J Manage Care.2005;11(2):81-90.
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Both
peer-reviewed manuscripts and press releases may lack in accurate information
for readers to assess their value. This paper introduces the specific
criteria that should be followed by authors when writing a manuscript, and by
readers when evaluating the value of the paper or press release in question.
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Linden A, Adams J, Roberts
N. Evaluating disease management program effectiveness: An introduction to
the bootstrap technique. Dis Manage and Healt Outc.
2005;13(3):159-167.
|
Typically DM
programs are evaluated using standard parametric statistics, such as t-tests,
least-squares regression, etc., which are based on averages and standard
deviations. However, much of the data used in DM is based on counts or rates,
and have large variances in the data. The bootstrap technique is a
non-parametric alternative that allows the evaluator to use additional
measurement types that are more suitable to the data. This paper explains the
technique and provides several examples using actual DM data.
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Linden A, Adams J, Roberts
N. Using propensity scores to construct comparable control groups for disease
management program evaluation. Dis Manage and Healt Outc.
2005;13(2):107-127.
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The propensity
scoring technique is rapidly becoming a mainstay evaluation tool in DM. It is
based on the concept of matching participants receiving the DM intervention
with non-participating controls. The propensity score is a composite score of
many baseline characteristics. This method, when used in conjunction with a
sensitivity analysis (see Linden A,
Adams J, Roberts N. Strengthening the case for disease management
effectiveness: unhiding the hidden bias. J Eval Clin Pract.
2006;12(2):140-147), may be as robust as the randomized controlled trial.
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Linden A, Adams J, Roberts
N. Evaluating disease management program effectiveness adjusting for
enrollment (tenure) and seasonality. Res Healthc Fin Manage.
2004;9(1):57-68.
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Two important
confounding variables that should be adjusted for in any DM evaluation are an
individual’s length of time in program (tenure) and the calendar month (due
to seasonality). This paper introduces a model that adjusts for these two
variables and demonstrates how it can be interpreted.
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Linden A, Roberts N.
Disease management interventions: What’s in the black box? Dis Manage.
2004;7(4):275-291.
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This paper
introduces several basic psycho-social behavioral models that should be
considered for implementing in a DM program intervention.
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Linden A, Adams J, Roberts
N. Evaluating disease management program effectiveness: An introduction to
survival analysis. Dis Manage. 2004;7(3):180-190.
|
Survival
analysis (also called time-to-event analysis), provides a unique method for
evaluating DM program effectiveness. All participants contribute to the
model, regardless of their length of time in the program. These are called
censured cases and would typically not be included in standard designs if
their tenure was less than 6 month or a year. This paper introduces the
method and presents an actual analysis with its interpretation.
|
Linden A, Adams J, Roberts
N. The generalizability of disease management program results: getting from
here to there. Manage Care Interface. 2004;17(7):38-45.
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Most studies in
DM are concerned with internal validity, primarily the impact of selection
bias and regression to the mean. However, external validity is equally as
important. This paper introduces methods to maximize the generalizability of
DM program outcomes.
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Linden A, Adams J, Roberts
N. Using an empirical method for establishing clinical outcome targets in
disease management programs. Dis Manage. 2004;7(2):93-101.
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One of the
biggest problems facing DM is in knowing how to set reasonable targets for
clinical outcomes. This paper provides a simple empirical method for deriving
those targets.
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Linden A, Adams J, Roberts
N. Evaluation methods in disease management: determining program
effectiveness. Position Paper for the Disease Management Association of
America (DMAA). October 2003.
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This paper was
written at the request of the DMAA in 2003. It is intended to provide an
overview of the bias inherent in the currently used total population approach
and propose alternative methodologies for evaluating DM program
effectiveness.
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Linden A, Adams J, Roberts
N. Evaluating disease management program effectiveness: An introduction to
time series analysis. Dis Manage. 2003;6(4):243-255.
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Time series
analysis (TSA) should be used as a standard evaluation technique in DM. This
paper provides a comprehensive discussion of TSA and provides direction of
how it should be used and results interpreted.
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Linden A, Adams J, Roberts
N. An assessment of the total population approach for evaluating disease
management program effectiveness. Dis Manage. 2003;6(2): 93-102.
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This paper
presents a comprehensive critique of the most common methodology used for
evaluating DM program effectiveness.
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Linden A, Roberts N, Keck
K. The complete “how to” guide for selecting a disease management vendor. Dis
Manage. 2003;6(1):21-26.
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As the title
states, this is a complete guide for selecting a DM vendor.
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